Pak Dairy Info
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Theileriasis

Theleriasis is caused by Theilaria parva and Theleria annulata. T. annulata is more common in the subcontinent (Indopak).

Transmission:
Transmission is through ticks so control is very difficult

Clinical Signs:

  • Incubation period is 10-25 days

  • Swelling is visible in young calves 


 
  • More deadly disease in young calves

  • High rise in temperature

  • Anorexia

  • Emaciation

  • Anemia

  • Nasal discharge

  • Corneal opacity

  • Sometimes Schizonts and piroplasm block the capillaries and cause hypoxic injury to the brain and nervous signs are seen  

  • Poor growth

Diagnosis:
Based on blood smear examination, stained with Geimsa stain, bluish bodies present in RBCs. Mostly sample is taken by absorption from swollen lymph nodes or micro capillaries of tip of ear. PCR, ELISA, CFT.

Treatment:
Most effective drug is buparvaquone 1 ml for 20 Kg intramuscularly. Repeat after two days because animal may not respond to first injection but may quickly respond to second. Oxytetracyclin 10-20 mg/Kg for 4-6 days regularly. Antipyretics/anti inflammatory drugs are also administered.

Fluid therapy/blood transfusion depends upon severity. 6-8 litres blood can be infused in cattle. If severe jaundice then give dextrose 5%.

Control:
Intramuscular administration of 1 ml injection buparvaquone per calf in the first week of life has been shown to have 100% protective efficacy.

 

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