Herd composition for ten years is given below:
|
Particulars |
Unit Ratio |
Year 1 |
Year 2 |
Year 3 |
Year 4 |
Year 5 |
Year 6 |
Year 7 |
Year 8 |
Year 9 |
Year 10 |
|
Milking Animals |
100% |
100
|
100
|
100
|
100
|
100
|
100
|
100
|
100
|
100
|
100
|
|
Dry
Animals |
100% |
|
19 |
21 |
20 |
18 |
18 |
18 |
18 |
18 |
18 |
|
Pregnant Heifer |
75% |
-
|
21
|
24
|
22
|
21
|
21
|
21
|
21
|
21
|
21
|
|
Heifers |
50% |
-
|
32
|
36
|
34
|
32
|
31
|
31
|
31
|
31
|
31 |
|
Female Calf (up to 1 Year) |
25% |
54
|
62
|
57
|
54
|
53
|
53
|
53
|
53
|
53
|
53
|
|
Total Animal Heads |
154
|
233
|
239
|
230
|
224 |
223
|
223
|
223
|
223
|
223
|
|
Equivalent Animal Units |
113
|
166
|
172
|
167
|
163
|
163
|
162
|
162
|
162
|
162
|
Some assumptions about the herd are as follows:
|
| |
|
|
Birth
& Mortality Rate |
% |
|
Birth
Female (Sex Semen Usage) |
70 |
|
Birth
Male |
30 |
|
Mortality new born |
5 |
|
Mortality Heifer > 1 Year |
3 |
|
Mortality adults (Milking & Dry) |
2 |
|
Sales
Price - Culled Animals |
Rs. |
|
Dead
Animal Carcass |
500 |
|
Culled
Animal - Heifer > 1 Year |
50,000 |
|
Culled
Animal - Adult Cow / Milking Cow |
85,000 |
|
Sale
Price - Normal Animals |
Rs. |
|
Male Calf |
15,000 |
|
Milking
Cow |
200,000 |
|
Particulars related to Milk Production |
Year 1 |
Year 2 |
Year 3 |
Year 4 |
Year 5 |
|
Cow
Lactation (Litres) |
6,000 |
6,700 |
7,300 |
7,300 |
7,300 |
|
Inter-calving Period (Days) |
395 |
395 |
395 |
395 |
395 |
Capital Cost / Initial Investment Break-up
|
Investment in |
Qty |
Unit Cost (Rs) |
Total Cost (Rs) |
|
Purchase of Animals – 1st year
|
100 |
300,000 |
30,000,000 |
|
Purchase of animals for herd upgradation - 2nd
Year |
26 |
300,000 |
7,800,000 |
|
Land for Farm Construction
|
3 Acres |
1,500,000 |
4,500,000 |
|
Construction of Milking Animals Shed
|
1 |
4,212,000 |
4,212,000 |
|
Construction of other Animals Shed
|
1 |
1,410,000 |
1,410,000 |
|
Other Farm Constructions & Installations
|
1 |
6,015,027 |
6,015,027 |
|
Dairy Equipment & Machinery
|
1 |
5,430,000 |
5,430,000 |
|
Agricultural Equipment & Machinery
|
1 |
3,250,000 |
3,250,000 |
|
Dairy Farm Office & Staff Residences
|
1 |
1,800,000 |
1,800,000 |
|
Staff Vehicles |
1 |
1,140,000 |
1,140,000 |
|
Initial Working Capital |
5,000,000 |
|
Total (Rs) |
7,055,7027 |
Detail
of Construction and Installations:
-
Construction
of Milking Animals Shed includes 120 x 84 = 10080 Sq. feet
covered area for 100 animals with free stalls, shed cooling,
sprinklers etc.
-
Construction
of other Animals Shed is for dry animals, heifers and calves.
-
Other Farm
Constructions and Installations include:
|
Components |
Qty |
Total Cost (Rs M) |
|
Milking
Parlour Area Construction |
- |
6.02 |
|
Generator
– 40KVA |
1 |
|
Weighing
scale for vehicles |
1 |
|
Weighing
scale of animals |
1 |
|
Silage
Bunker |
3 |
|
Calf
Cages |
25 |
|
Water
turbine |
2 |
|
Water
storage tank |
2 |
|
Boundary
Walls |
- |
|
Store
Rooms (Feed, Implements & Diesel, Pesticides & Fertilizers) |
3 |
|
Electric
Work |
- |
|
Cattle
Crush |
1 |
Detail
of Dairy Equipment & Machinery:
|
Equipment &Machinery |
Qty |
Total Cost (Rs M) |
|
Tractor +
Trolley (for feeding & manure remover) |
1 |
5.43 |
|
Milking
Line |
1 |
|
Milk
Cooling Tank - 2.2 Tons |
1 |
|
LN
Containers |
1 |
|
Veterinary Kit |
1 |
|
Miscellaneous (Farm small equipment & tools) |
1 |
Detail
of Agricultural Equipment & Machinery:
|
Equipment &Machinery |
Qty |
Total Cost (Rs M) |
|
Tractor +
Trolley |
1 |
3.25 |
|
Disk
Plough |
1 |
|
Rotavator |
1 |
|
Lazer
Leveller |
1 |
|
Maize
Harvestor - Single row |
1 |
|
Agriculture Loader (front end loader) |
1 |
|
Tube well
(10 HP motor) |
1 |
|
Miscellaneous Agri Assets |
1 |
Detail of Dairy Farm Office & Staff Residences:
|
Components |
Qty |
Total Cost (Rs M) |
|
Farm
Staff Residence / Office |
1 |
1.80 |
|
Furniture
& Fixture (incl. Computers, Printers, etc) |
1 |
|
Bathrooms
for Labour |
2 |
|
Kitchen
(with small equipment) |
1 |
|
Miscellaneous |
1 |
Detail
of Staff Vehicles:
|
Vehicles |
Qty |
Total Cost (Rs M) |
|
Vehicle
for Farm Manager - Suzuki Cultus |
1 |
1.14 |
|
Motorcycles for Supervisors |
2 |
Human Resource
|
Type |
Number |
Monthly Salary/ Person (Rs) |
Total Monthly Salary (Rs) |
|
Farm
Manager - Dairy & Agri Operations |
1 |
75,000 |
75,000 |
|
Supervisor |
1 |
45,000 |
45,000 |
|
Farm
Accountant & Admin |
1 |
45,000 |
45,000 |
|
Asst.
Accountant & Admin |
1 |
20,000 |
20,000 |
|
Labour for Animal Feeding & Milking |
5 |
9,000 |
45,000 |
|
Labour for Agriculture |
4 |
9,000 |
36,000 |
|
Tractor Drivers / Helpers |
2 |
12,000 |
24,000 |
|
Watchman & Office Boy |
2 |
10,500 |
21,000 |
|
Total |
17 |
|
311,000 |
|
|
Projected Running Cost
Feeding
Cost:
Health &
Breeding Cost:
Fixed and General Costs:
Total Cost:
Projected Farm Income
Projected Profit & Loss
|
Particulars |
Year 1 |
Year 2 |
Year 3 |
Year 4 |
Year 5 |
Year 6 |
Year 7 |
Year 8 |
Year 9 |
Year 10 |
|
Total
Running Cost (Rs) |
23,058,216 |
26,897,149 |
27,829,548 |
27,311,654 |
26,970,949 |
26,880,530 |
26,864,181 |
26,857,514 |
26,858,202 |
26,859,385 |
|
Total
Annual Farm Revenues (Rs) |
31,597,499 |
34,959,852 |
45,525,350 |
45,261,685 |
42,888,235 |
41,863,047 |
41,756,285 |
41,494,948 |
41,581,740 |
41,671,468 |
|
Farm Net Income |
8,539,283 |
8,062,703 |
17,695,802 |
17,950,031 |
15,917,286 |
14,982,517 |
14,892,104 |
14,637,434 |
14,723,538 |
14,812,083 |
|
| |
Critical
Success Factors
Profitable Dairy Business moves around the management. Dairying
gives huge profit if it is well managed while mismanagement leads to
huge loss as well. So, the implementation of the project should be
under the supervision of a professionally skilled person. A
competent farm manager or consultant is never expensive. A skilled
professional should be hired for establishing and running a
profitable dairy farm. Along with others, following factors play a
key role:
Nutritional Management:
Feeding cost is the major share of farm
expenditures which influences the milk production as well as the
farm profitability. Nutritional requirements of animals are
fulfilled by fodder , concentrates (wanda) and some supplements like
mineral mixtures. For excellent nutrition management of farm, fodder
should be preserved in the form of silage. It not only brings down
the feeding cost but also ensures the availability of fodder
throughout the year, hence lowers the overall production cost. For
100 animals, almost 37 acres of land is required for fodder
production.
Animal Comfort:
Milk production is directly related to cow
comfort which is dependent upon various factors mainly the shed
designs, cooling system, bedding, floors, yards structure etc. Well
ventilated sheds with floors and drains to be hygienic are very
important. The covered and open areas should be according to the
standards. Cooling system is the most important factor in this
regard as high temperature leads to the heat stress to the milking
animals and results in less production. The cooling system lowers
down the temperature which increases feed intake, cow comfort and as
result there is the increase in milk production.
Free Access to Water:
Fresh and clean drinking water should be available to animals for 24
hours.
Animal Breeding:
The future of the farm depends upon the
animal breeding. Breeding practices should be well managed so as to
follow the principle "calf every year".
|
| |
Copyrights © Dr. M Jassar
Aftab, All Rights Reserved |
|
