Twisting of uterus on its longitudinal axis. It occurs mainly in
bovine.
Causes of Uterine Torsion
Anatomical Arrangement:
Uterus is unstable. Uterus attached by its lesser curvature by round
ligament. After pregnancy it moves in abdominal cavity, free from
greater curvature. This makes it unstable. Any jerk any violent
movement lead to twist.
Sitting and Rising Behavior:
Forelimbs go on ground first and rise from hind quarter posture is
inclined while this uterus if free, any jerk leads to twist.
Transportation:
-
In last trimester on bumpy roads
-
Movement of animal on sloppy area
-
Rolling habit of buffalo
-
Incidence more in stall fed animals as compared to grazing
animals. Muscle tone is lost in standing animals i.e. atony of
uterine muscles
-
Deficiency of certain mineral
-
Hyperactive fetus
When
Torsion Occurs
It
can occur at any time. Those before 6 month are not reported. It can
occur at the 60 day of pregnancy. Most of the time reported at the
time of parturition. Torsion occurs at late part of first stage of
labour or in early parturition of 2nd stage of labour. We
draw this result that if torsion relieved, cervix will be relaxed.
Degree of torsion
Torsion could be of any degree depending upon the twist 90o,
180o, 360o, 270o.
Types
of Torsion
Partial:
Twist below 180o usually 90o, fetal parts and
water bag may appear.
Complete:
Torsion 180o or above 180 o is considered
complete. Delivery is not possible until torsion is treated.
Sides
Left
sided: anti clockwise
Right sided: clockwise more common as rumen is on left side.
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