Protrusion of all or part of vulva. It is common in polyparous
animals
Predisposing Factors
-
Rising level of estrogen during last trimester of gestation.
Because it causes relaxation of pelvic ligament and birth canal.
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Vaginal injury during previous parturition
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Diet rich in estrogen
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Obesity with deposition of fat in perivaginal area
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Extensive intake of low quality roughages
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Sever cold weather
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Poor confirmation including excessively large and flaccid vulva
-
Heredity
Classification
It
is classified on the basis of progression, severity, and prognosis.
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First degree prolapse
-
Second degree prolapse
-
Third degree prolapse
-
Fourth degree prolapse
First Degree Prolapse:
Vaginal tissue protrudes from the vulva when animal is lying down.
It usually occurs during the late gestation. This usually goes
unnoticed. Vagina becomes irritated by the exposure to sun, wind,
dust, fecal contamination and cold weather. If there is no
parturition, the continued vaginal irritation leads to the next
stage.
Second Degree Prolapse:
With
second degree prolapse vagina is continually prolapsed. Cervix is
unexposed and retained a good cervical seal. If neglected, the
bladder may be reverted with prolapse and interfere with urination.
Third Degree Prolapse:
Cervix and entire vagina are prolapsed. This is due to the lack of
support of perivaginal tissue. This condition is common in cows with
chronic cervical enlargement.
Fourth Degree Prolapse:
The
prolapse is of prolong duration and there is deep necrosis and
adhesions between perivaginal tissue and adjacent organs.
Replacement of Prolapse
-
Give epidural anesthesia
-
Clean the vagina
-
Wash with warm normal saline
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Suture if any injury or laceration
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Catheterization of bladder if filled
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Apply non irritant antiseptic cream
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Replace the vagina
-
Suture
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